BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. hyopneumoniae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. hyopneumoniae from samples purified from lung biopsies or bronchoalveolar lavages (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma synoviae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. synoviae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. synoviae from samples purified from faecal samples, or swabs of tissues, exudates, diluted tissue homogenates, aspirates from the infraorbital sinuses or joint cavities, as well as material from egg yolk or embryos. Mycoplasma synoviae DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from swabs using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. gallisepticum DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Applied Biosystems), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. gallisepticum from samples purified from faecal samples, or swabs of tissues, exudates, diluted tissue homogenates, aspirates from the infraorbital sinuses or joint cavities, as well as from material from egg yolk or embryos. Mycoplasma gallisepticum DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from swabs using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example. Mycoplasma imitans is not detected by this test.

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. hyopneumoniae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. hyopneumoniae from samples purified from lung biopsies or bronchoalveolar lavages (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma synoviae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. synoviae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. synoviae from samples purified from faecal samples, or swabs of tissues, exudates, diluted tissue homogenates, aspirates from the infraorbital sinuses or joint cavities, as well as material from egg yolk or embryos. Mycoplasma synoviae DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from swabs using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. gallisepticum DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Applied Biosystems), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. gallisepticum from samples purified from faecal samples, or swabs of tissues, exudates, diluted tissue homogenates, aspirates from the infraorbital sinuses or joint cavities, as well as from material from egg yolk or embryos. Mycoplasma gallisepticum DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from swabs using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example. Mycoplasma imitans is not detected by this test.

BactoReal® Kit Haemophilus parasuis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of H. parasuis (newly classified as Glaesserella parasuis) DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other realtime PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of H. parasuis from samples purified from biopsies (e.g. lung, heart, meninges), as well as from synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, or cerebrospinal fluid (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Leptospira spp. (16S rDNA) is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of pathogenic and intermediately pathogenic Leptospira species. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. The test facilitates the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of pathogenic and intermediately pathogenic Leptospira species from samples purified from blood, urine or kidney tissue. Leptospira DNA can be recovered efficiently from sample material using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Leptospira spp. (LipL32) is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of pathogenic Leptospira species. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. The test facilitates the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of pathogenic Leptospira species from samples purified from blood, urine or kidney tissue. Leptospira DNA can be recovered efficiently from sample material using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Leptospira spp. Multiplex (16S+LipL32) is a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of DNA of pathogenic and intermediately pathogenic Leptospira species. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. The test facilitates the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of pathogenic and intermediately pathogenic Leptospira species from samples purified from blood, urine or kidney tissue. Leptospira DNA can be recovered efficiently from sample material using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Listeria monocytogenes is a real-time PCR assay for detection of L. monocytogenes DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Applied Biosystems), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of L. monocytogenes from samples purified from either liquor, blood or other samples (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Pasteurella multocida toxA is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of toxigenic P. multocida strains. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of P. multocida from samples purified from nasal fluid. Pasteurella multocida DNA can be recovered efficiently from swabs using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Staphylococcus aureus is a real-time PCR assay for detection of S. aureus DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of S. aureus from various sample materials such as swabs, biopsies and milk (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods).

BactoReal® Kit Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of B. hyodysenteriae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of B. hyodysenteriae from samples purified from faecal samples, or biopsies of the intestinal mucosa. Brachyspira hyodysenteriae DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from biopsies using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Brachyspira pilosicoli is a real-time PCR assay for detection of B. pilosicoli DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of B. pilosicoli from samples purified from faecal samples, or biopsies of the intestinal mucosa. Brachyspira pilosicoli DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from biopsies using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Lawsonia intracellularis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of L. intracellularis DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of L. intracellularis from samples purified from faecal samples, or biopsies of the mucosal epithelium (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma hyorhinis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. hyorhinis DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. hyorhinis from samples purified from biopsies (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Streptococcus agalactiae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of S. agalactiae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of S. agalactiae from samples purified from milk or other sample material.

BactoReal® Kit Streptococcus uberis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of S. uberis DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of S. uberis from samples purified from milk or other sample material.

BactoReal® Kit Streptococcus dysgalactiae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of S. dysgalactiae (S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae). This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of S. dysgalactiae from samples purified from milk or other sample material.

BactoReal® Kit Brachyspira hyo/pilo is a real-time PCR assay for detection of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli DNA. Other Brachyspira species are not detected. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive screening for DNA of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli from samples purified from faecal samples, or biopsies of the intestinal mucosa. Brachyspira DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from biopsies using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Escherichia coli is a real-time PCR assay for detection of E. coli DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Escherichia coli purified from sample material (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of A. pleuropneumoniae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche), and for Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of A. pleuropneumoniae from samples purified from tissues (e.g. lung, tonsil, etc) (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Brucella spp. is a real-time PCR assay for detection of Brucella DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Brucella spp. from samples purified from blood, milk, lymph tissue, bone marrow and biopsies (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis purified from fecal samples, milk or tissues (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods).

BactoReal® Kit Salmonella enterica is a real-time PCR assay for detection of Salmonella enterica DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche), and for Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Salmonella enterica from samples purified from swabs, feces, etc. (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit or the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Bordetella bronchiseptica is a real-time PCR assay for detection of B. bronchiseptica DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of B. bronchiseptica from samples purified from the respiratory tract (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma bovis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. bovis DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Applied Biosystems), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. bovis from samples purified from synovial fluid, biopsies, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), swabs and milk (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma suis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. suis DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. suis from samples purified from blood (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit). Mycoplasma parvum is not detected by this test.

BactoReal® Kit Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of Mycobacterium species belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, MTBC (M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. caprae, M. canetti, M. africanum and M. microti). This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of members of the MTBC purified from bronchoalveolar lavage, pleural fluid, nasopharyngeal swab, nasopharyngeal aspirate, liquor, sputum, urine, whole blood, tissue and paraffine blocks (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods).

BactoReal® Kit Pasteurella multocida is a real-time PCR assay for detection of P. multocida DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of P. multocida from samples purified from blood, swabs and biopsies (with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example).

BactoReal® Kit Mannheimia haemolytica is a real-time PCR assay for detection of M. haemolytica DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of the 16S rDNA gene of M. haemolytica from DNA samples purified from tracheal swabs, washes or from lung tissue or associated lymph nodes (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Chlamydophila psittaci/abortus is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydophila abortus. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydophila abortus from DNA samples purified from whole blood samples, sputum, pleural fluid, biopsies or swabs (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Chlamydiaceae is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of Chlamydia and Chlamydophila species. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Chlamydia and Chlamydophila species from DNA samples purified from different sample material (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Enterococcus spp. is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of species of the genus Enterococcus. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Enterococcus spp. from samples purified from biopsies, blood, swabs, milk, etc. (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Nocardia spp. is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of species of the genus Nocardia. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Nocardia spp. from samples purified from biopsies, blood, swabs, milk, etc. (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit). This test may also detect other Actinomycetes.

BactoReal® Kit Staphylococcus spp. is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of species of the genus Staphylococcus. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Staphylococcus spp. from samples purified from biopsies, blood, swabs, milk, etc. (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Streptococcus spp. is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of species of the genus Streptococcus. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Applied Biosystems), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Streptococcus spp. from samples purified from biopsies, blood, swabs, milk, etc. Extraction is recommended with InstaGene Matrix (Bio-Rad) or with QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen) to avoid contamination with streptococci.

BactoReal® Kit Bartonella spp. is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of B. clarridgeiae, B. elizabethae, B. grahamii, B. henselae, B. koehlerae, B. quintana, B. volans and B. washoensis. Bartonella rochalimae, B. vinsonii and B. bovis are detected with very low sensitivity. Bartonella bacilliformis is not detected. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche), and for Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Bartonella from samples purified blood, tissue, joint fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, pericardial effusions, lymph node aspirate and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit E. coli Typing is a series of different real-time PCR kits for detection of virulence-associated genes of E. coli (genes stx1, stx2, eae and ehxA). Depending on which kit and which combinations of kits are used, they allow the typing of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and of Shiga toxin (verotoxin) producing E. coli (STEC). Tests were developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but are also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. They allow the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of virulence-associated genes of E. coli purified from stool or other sample material (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit). Furthermore, isolated bacterial colonies can be picket from the plate, isolated e.g. with InstaGene™ Matrix (Bio-Rad) and analysed. An internal positive control system for detection in Cy5 channel (667 nm) excludes false-negative interpretation of results due to inhibition of real-time PCR (see 8. Interpretation of PCR-data).

BactoReal® Kit E. coli Typing is a series of different real-time PCR kits for detection of virulence-associated genes of E. coli (genes stx1, stx2, eae and ehxA). Depending on which kit and which combinations of kits are used, they allow the typing of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and of Shiga toxin (verotoxin) producing E. coli (STEC). Tests were developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but are also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. They allow the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of virulence-associated genes of E. coli purified from stool or other sample material (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit). Furthermore, isolated bacterial colonies can be picket from the plate, isolated e.g. with InstaGene™ Matrix (Bio-Rad) and analysed. An internal positive control system for detection in Cy5 channel (667 nm) excludes false-negative interpretation of results due to inhibition of real-time PCR (see 8. Interpretation of PCR-data)

BactoReal® Kit Clostridium difficile is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of Clostridium difficile toxin Aand B. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of toxigenic Clostridium difficile from samples purified from stool or other sample material (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit). BactoReal® Kit Clostridium difficile allows the rapid and sensitive detection of Clostridium difficile. This test is performed in a multiplex real-time PCR format to enable differentiation between Clostridium difficile toxin A from toxin B. In VIC/HEX channel the toxin A (tcdA) gene of Clostridium difficile is detected. In FAM channel the toxin B (tcdB) gene of Clostridium difficile is detected. An internal positive control system for detection in Cy5 channel (667 nm) excludes false-negative interpretation of results due to inhibition of real-time PCR (see 8. Interpretation of PCR-data). When using PCR-platforms not validated by ingenetix, an evaluation of the multiplex-PCR is recommended. Please be aware that some PCR-platforms have to be calibrated with the corresponding dye before performing multiplex-PCR.

BactoReal® Kit E. coli Typing is a series of different real-time PCR kits for detection of virulence-associated genes of E. coli (genes stx1, stx2, eae and ehxA). Depending on which kit and which combinations of kits are used, they allow the typing of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and of Shiga toxin (verotoxin) producing E. coli (STEC). Tests were developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but are also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. They allow the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of virulence-associated genes of E. coli purified from stool or other sample material (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit). Furthermore, isolated bacterial colonies can be picket from the plate, isolated e.g. with InstaGene™ Matrix (Bio-Rad) and analysed. An internal positive control system for detection in Cy5 channel (667 nm) excludes false-negative interpretation of results due to inhibition of real-time PCR (see 8. Interpretation of PCR-data).

BactoReal® Kit E. coli Typing is a series of different real-time PCR kits for detection of virulence-associated genes of E. coli (genes stx1, stx2, eae and ehxA). Depending on which kit and which combinations of kits are used, they allow the typing of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and of Shiga toxin (verotoxin) producing E. coli (STEC). Tests were developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but are also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. They allow the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of virulence-associated genes of E. coli purified from stool or other sample material (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit). Furthermore, isolated bacterial colonies can be picket from the plate, isolated e.g. with InstaGene™ Matrix (Bio-Rad) and analysed. An internal positive control system for detection in Cy5 channel (667 nm) excludes false-negative interpretation of results due to inhibition of real-time PCR (see 8. Interpretation of PCR-data).

BactoReal® Kit Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a real-time PCR assay for detection of P. aeruginosa DNA. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of P. aeruginosa from samples purified from blood, biopsies and swabs (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Taylorella equigenitalis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of T. equigenitalis DNA. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of T. equigenitalis from samples purified from swabs (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of Borrelia species belonging to the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, namely Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, B. afzelii, B. valaisiana, B. lusitaniae, B. bavariensis, B. bissettii and B. spielmanii. Borrelia spielmanii is not well detected with this assay. Borrelia causing relapsing fever are not detected. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato strains from samples purified from tissue, blood or cerebrospinal fluid (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Trueperella pyogenes is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of Trueperella pyogenes (formerly Arcanobacterium pyogenes). This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of Trueperella pyogenes from biopsies, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), swabs and milk (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a real-time PCR assay for detection of DNA of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis from samples purified from biopsies (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit American Foulbrood 1.1 is a real-time PCR assay for detection of Paenibacillus larvae DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument ((Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche), and for Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Paenibacillus larvae from samples purified from swabs, tissues, etc. (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit European Foulbrood is a real-time PCR assay for detection of Melissococcus plutonius DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche), and for Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Melissococcus plutonius from samples purified from swabs, tissues, etc. (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Mycoplasma gallisepticum & synoviae is a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of DNA of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. The test facilitates the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae from samples purified from faecal samples, or swabs of tissues, exudates, diluted tissue homogenates, aspirates from the infraorbital sinuses or joint cavities, as well as from material from egg yolk or embryos. Sample pools with up to 20 samples per pool can be analyzed. Mycoplasma DNA can be recovered efficiently from faecal samples using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit, and from swabs using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit extraction methods, for example.

BactoReal® Kit Coxiella burnetii is a real-time PCR kit for detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA. This test was developed for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and for Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Coxiella burnetii from samples purified from tissues and swabs (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Riemerella anatipestifer is a real-time PCR kit for detection of Riemerella anatipestifer DNA. This test was developed for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and for Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of R. anatipestifer from samples purified from tissues and swabs (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Streptococcus suis is a real-time PCR kit for detection of S. suis DNA. This test was developed for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche) and for Mx3005P® (Agilent), but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of S. suis from samples purified from tissues (e.g. lung, tonsil, etc) (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Histophilus somni is a real-time PCR kit for the detection of Histophilus somni.

BactoReal® Kit Clostridium perfringens is a real-time PCR assay for detection the DNA of all five serotypes A-E of Clostridium perfringens. It is based on the amplification and detection of the 16S rRNA gene of C. perfringens. This test was developed and validated for the ABI PRISM® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Life Technologies), LightCycler® 480 (Roche), and for Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Clostridium perfringens from samples purified from stool, tissue, etc (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).

BactoReal® Kit Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is a real-time PCR assay for detection of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) DNA. This test was developed and validated for the ABI® 7500 (Fast) instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific), LightCycler® 480 (Roche), and for Mx3005P® (Agilent) but is also suitable for other real-time PCR instruments. This test allows the rapid and sensitive detection of DNA of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from samples purified from tissues (e.g. with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit).